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Tranexamic Acid

Tranexamic Acid

Taken only during your period, no hormones — and it reduces blood loss by roughly a third.

Hormonal

Cyklokapron, antifibrinolytic

Explained by a GMC-registered GP, not a leaflet

Honest about what we can and cannot prescribe remotely

Side effects given the same weight as benefits

Your NHS records in the room, with your consent

Clinically reviewed by Dr Mohammad Khan · Last reviewed

August 30, 2026

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Same-Day Appointments
Sick Notes
Private Prescriptions
Blood Tests
Menopause & HRT
Weight Management
Mental Health
Specialist Referrals
Same-Day Appointments
Sick Notes
Private Prescriptions
Blood Tests
Menopause & HRT
Weight Management
Mental Health
Specialist Referrals

What it is

Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic. It slows the breakdown of clots that have already formed, so bleeding is reduced.

It is not a hormone and it does not affect your cycle, your fertility or your contraception. That is its main appeal — for anyone who cannot or does not want to take hormonal treatment, it offers a genuine option.

It reduces menstrual blood loss by around a third on average, which is a real effect rather than a marginal one, and it is taken only on the days you are bleeding.

What it is used for

  • Heavy menstrual bleeding — the commonest use
  • Nosebleeds, and bleeding after dental extraction
  • Trauma and surgical bleeding, in hospital
  • Hereditary angioedema, in specialist use
  • Melasma, as an off-label dermatological use

How to take it

  • 1g (usually two 500mg tablets) three times a day, for up to four days
  • Start when the heavy bleeding starts — not before your period
  • Take with water, with or without food
  • Stop when the heavy bleeding stops

Judging whether it works

Try it over three cycles before deciding. One month is not a fair test, since periods vary considerably.

It reduces the amount of bleeding, not the number of days — so the measure is how often you change protection, not whether the period is shorter.

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Side effects

Common

  • Nausea, and occasionally vomiting
  • Diarrhoea
  • Indigestion

Gastrointestinal upset is dose-related and often improves if taken with food.

Less common but important

  • Visual disturbance — blurred vision or changes in colour vision. Stop and seek advice
  • Blood clots — rare, and the theoretical concern that has been most studied
  • Headache, dizziness

Despite the mechanism, large studies of tranexamic acid for heavy periods have not shown a meaningful increase in clot risk in women without existing risk factors.

Not suitable if

  • You have had a blood clot — DVT or pulmonary embolism
  • You have a known clotting disorder that increases clot risk
  • You have significant kidney impairment, without dose reduction
  • You have had a seizure related to tranexamic acid
  • You have active bleeding inside the eye
  • You have had a reaction to it before

A personal history of clots is the main barrier, and it is worth asking about family history too.

Interactions and monitoring

  • Combined hormonal contraception — both slightly increase clot risk, so the combination is used with a little more caution
  • Other antifibrinolytics

Interactions are otherwise few. No routine monitoring of the drug itself.

What should be checked

Full blood count and ferritin. Heavy periods commonly cause iron deficiency, and it is frequently missed because tiredness gets attributed to the bleeding itself rather than to the anaemia it caused.

Thyroid function is also worth checking, since an underactive thyroid causes heavy periods and is easily treated.

Can we prescribe this?

Yes, for heavy menstrual bleeding where the pattern is clear and there are no features needing investigation.

What we will always do alongside is check for iron deficiency, because heavy periods are the commonest cause of iron deficiency anaemia in women of reproductive age — and treating the bleeding without checking the iron leaves half the problem in place.

What needs investigating rather than treating: bleeding between periods or after sex, bleeding after the menopause, a sudden change in pattern, pelvic pain, or bleeding that has not responded to treatment. Those warrant examination and often a scan.

Cost and supply

Tranexamic acid is available from pharmacies without a prescription for heavy periods, after a pharmacist consultation — often the quickest route.

It is an inexpensive generic, and because it is only taken on bleeding days, a pack lasts several cycles.

NHS prescriptions are free in Wales, and free for many people in England.

Stopping or switching

It is taken only during bleeding, so there is nothing to stop.

If it is not enough

It can be combined with an anti-inflammatory such as mefenamic acid or naproxen, which reduces both bleeding and period pain, and the two work by different mechanisms.

Alternatives, roughly in order of effectiveness

  • The hormonal coil (Mirena) — the most effective medical treatment for heavy periods by a clear margin, reducing blood loss by around 80 to 90%. Consistently the option people are least often told about
  • Combined hormonal contraception — lighter, more predictable periods
  • Progestogen-only options
  • Norethisterone, for short-term control
  • Endometrial ablation or hysterectomy, where medical treatment has failed

What must not be forgotten

Treat the iron deficiency as well as the bleeding. Many women feel dramatically better once iron is replaced, independently of whether the bleeding changes.

Common questions

Is it a hormone?

No. It does not affect your cycle, fertility or contraception, which is why it suits people who cannot or prefer not to take hormones.

When do I start taking it?

When the heavy bleeding begins, not before your period. It works on bleeding that is already happening.

Will it make my period shorter?

It reduces how much you bleed rather than how many days you bleed. Judge it by how often you change protection.

Does it increase clot risk?

Studies in women with heavy periods have not shown a meaningful increase in those without existing risk factors. A previous clot is a genuine contraindication.

How long before I know if it works?

Three cycles. Periods vary too much to judge on one.

What is the most effective treatment for heavy periods?

The hormonal coil, by a clear margin. It also provides contraception. It is worth knowing about even if you decide against it.

Dr Mohammad Zubair Khan, GMC-registered private GP and founder of Cheshire Clinics

Clinically reviewed by Dr Mohammad Zubair Khan, GMC 7563469

Last reviewed

August 30, 2026

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