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Peripheral Neuropathy

Brain and nervous system icon - migraine, headache and neurological symptoms assessed by an online GP at Cheshire Clinics
Treatable online

Peripheral Neuropathy

Numbness, tingling or burning, usually starting in the feet. Finding a treatable cause is the priority.

£40 · 20 minutes

Same-day availability

6am to 10pm, seven days

Assessed and treated by a GMC-registered GP

Prescriptions, sick notes and referral letters included

A written treatment plan after every appointment

Your NHS records in the room, with your consent

Clinically reviewed by Dr Mohammad Khan · Last reviewed

September 8, 2026

Book a consultation

A 20-minute appointment with a GMC-registered GP for £40. No membership required.

Private GP care led personally by Dr Mohammad Zubair Khan, GMC 7563469.

Why patients choose Cheshire Clinics

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Same-Day Appointments
Sick Notes
Private Prescriptions
Blood Tests
Menopause & HRT
Weight Management
Mental Health
Specialist Referrals
Same-Day Appointments
Sick Notes
Private Prescriptions
Blood Tests
Menopause & HRT
Weight Management
Mental Health
Specialist Referrals

Overview

Peripheral neuropathy is damage to the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, most often affecting the longest nerves first — which is why it nearly always starts in the feet.

The classic pattern is symmetrical and gradual, described as numbness, pins and needles, burning, or a sensation of walking on gravel or in socks that are not there. It typically creeps up in a "stocking" distribution, and only later affects the hands in a "glove" pattern.

The single most important point: a meaningful proportion of cases have a treatable cause, and it is worth looking properly. Diabetes and alcohol are the commonest, but B12 deficiency, thyroid disease and medication side effects are all reversible if caught — and all are missed regularly.

In a substantial minority no cause is ever found. That is a recognised outcome rather than a failure of investigation.

Common symptoms

  • Numbness or reduced sensation, usually starting in the toes and feet
  • Pins and needles, tingling or prickling
  • Burning pain, often worse at night
  • A feeling of walking on pebbles, or of wearing invisible socks
  • Pain from things that should not hurt — bedsheets on the feet, for instance
  • Unsteadiness, particularly in the dark or with eyes closed
  • Loss of balance, and increased falls

If motor nerves are involved

  • Weakness, foot drop, tripping
  • Muscle wasting, or cramps

If autonomic nerves are involved

  • Dizziness on standing, reduced sweating
  • Bowel, bladder or erectile problems

Worth noting

Numbness carries a specific danger: you can injure a foot without feeling it. Blisters, ulcers and burns from hot water bottles are genuinely common and can be serious.

Causes and risk factors

The common causes

  • Diabetes — by a wide margin the commonest in the UK, and can be present at diagnosis
  • Alcohol — both directly toxic and through poor nutrition

Treatable causes worth finding

Medicines that cause it

Frequently overlooked, and sometimes reversible on stopping: chemotherapy agents, metronidazole with prolonged use, isoniazid, amiodarone, nitrofurantoin with long-term use, and phenytoin.

Less common

  • B6 in excess — too much vitamin B6 causes neuropathy, which surprises people taking high-dose supplements
  • Inflammatory and autoimmune causes, including CIDP and vasculitis
  • Infections including HIV, hepatitis and shingles
  • Inherited neuropathies such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth
  • Paraproteinaemia and, rarely, underlying cancer

How it is diagnosed

The pattern does most of the diagnostic work — which nerves, which distribution, how quickly it came on, and whether it is symmetrical.

Blood tests that should be done

That panel identifies a treatable cause in a meaningful proportion of people, and it is straightforward to arrange.

Beyond blood tests

Nerve conduction studies and EMG confirm the type and distribution, and are arranged by neurology where the picture is unclear, rapidly progressive, asymmetrical, or predominantly motor.

How we treat it online

The most useful thing we do is the search for a cause, and that is well suited to remote care — the history plus a comprehensive blood panel we can arrange quickly.

What a consultation covers

  • The pattern and timeline, which determines how urgently this needs investigating
  • Arranging the full blood screen in one go rather than piecemeal
  • A proper medication review — including supplements, since high-dose B6 is a cause people never suspect
  • Alcohol, honestly discussed
  • Neuropathic pain treatment, which is a different class of medicine entirely — amitriptyline, duloxetine, gabapentin or pregabalin. Paracetamol and ibuprofen do very little for nerve pain
  • Foot care, which prevents the complications that actually cause harm

The honest limits

We cannot examine your reflexes, test sensation, or assess your gait — all of which matter. Where the picture is not a straightforward symmetrical sensory neuropathy, we will arrange in-person or neurology assessment rather than treat it remotely.

A prescription is never guaranteed, and neuropathic pain medicines need titration and review rather than a one-off supply.

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Important

When to seek urgent help

Seek urgent assessment for

  • Rapidly progressive weakness, particularly ascending from the legs — this can be Guillain-Barré syndrome and is a medical emergency
  • Weakness affecting breathing or swallowing
  • New bladder or bowel incontinence, or numbness around the saddle area — possible cauda equina, which needs same-day imaging
  • Sudden onset over hours to days rather than months
  • Marked asymmetry, or one limb affected alone

Same-day assessment for

  • Any foot ulcer, blister or wound in someone with numb feet or diabetes — particularly if it is warm, discoloured or smells
  • A hot, swollen, red foot in diabetes, which can be a Charcot foot

Arrange assessment for

  • Falls, or increasing unsteadiness
  • Neuropathy alongside unexplained weight loss

Prevention and self-care

Foot care — the part that prevents real harm

  • Look at your feet every day, including between the toes and the soles. Use a mirror if you cannot see them easily
  • Check bath water with your elbow, not your foot
  • Never use a hot water bottle or heat pad on numb feet — burns from this are common and can be severe
  • Well-fitting shoes; check inside them before putting them on
  • Do not walk barefoot
  • See a podiatrist about corns, calluses and nails rather than cutting them yourself

What genuinely slows progression

  • Tight glucose control if you have diabetes — the single most effective measure
  • Reducing or stopping alcohol, where that is a factor — improvement is possible
  • Correcting B12 or thyroid deficiency promptly
  • Activity and balance work, which reduces falls

Managing the pain

  • Loose bedding, or a bed cradle to keep sheets off the feet
  • Cool the feet rather than warming them
  • Sleep matters — pain is worse at night, and poor sleep amplifies pain

NHS or private

NHS care covers all of this — the blood tests, neurology referral, nerve conduction studies, podiatry, and the medicines. Diabetic foot protection services are free and genuinely good, and anyone with diabetes and numb feet should be under one.

Anyone on medication for diabetes is entitled to free NHS prescriptions in England via a medical exemption certificate.

Where a private consultation earns its fee is speed and thoroughness of the work-up. The commonest failure in neuropathy is not a missing scan — it is an incomplete set of blood tests done piecemeal over months, so a treatable cause sits undetected. We can arrange the full panel at once.

It is also useful for the medication conversation, since neuropathic pain drugs need explaining and titrating, and people commonly abandon them at too low a dose.

Where not to spend

  • Alpha-lipoic acid and "nerve repair" supplements. Evidence is weak, and they are heavily marketed to exactly this group
  • High-dose vitamin B supplements taken speculatively. Excess B6 causes neuropathy — supplementing blind can make things worse
  • Private nerve conduction studies before the basic bloods have been done

Evidence and guidelines

This page follows NICE CG173 on neuropathic pain in adults, which sets out amitriptyline, duloxetine, gabapentin and pregabalin as first-line options and specifically advises against using paracetamol or NSAIDs alone for neuropathic pain.

The investigation panel reflects NICE Clinical Knowledge Summaries on peripheral neuropathy and standard UK neurology practice.

Foot care advice follows NICE NG19 on diabetic foot problems, including the recommendation for annual foot checks and prompt same-day assessment of any new foot ulceration.

The warning on excess vitamin B6 reflects long-established evidence that pyridoxine in high doses is itself neurotoxic — a cause that is easily overlooked because the supplement is taken as a remedy.

Common questions

Will it get better?

It depends entirely on the cause. B12 deficiency and thyroid disease can improve substantially if treated early. Diabetic neuropathy usually stabilises rather than reverses, and good glucose control slows it. Where no cause is found, it often progresses very slowly and many people remain stable for years.

Why do painkillers not help?

Because nerve pain does not respond to paracetamol or ibuprofen. It needs a different class — amitriptyline, duloxetine, gabapentin or pregabalin — which work on nerve signalling rather than inflammation.

What tests should I have?

At minimum HbA1c, B12 and folate, thyroid function, full blood count, kidney and liver function, inflammatory markers and coeliac serology. An incomplete panel is the commonest reason a treatable cause is missed.

Could it be my medication?

Possibly — and this is worth checking. Long-term nitrofurantoin, metronidazole, amiodarone, isoniazid, phenytoin and chemotherapy can all cause it. So can high-dose vitamin B6 supplements.

Why does it start in the feet?

Because the longest nerves are affected first, and the nerves to the feet are the longest in the body. It is also why it moves up the legs before reaching the hands.

Is it dangerous?

The numbness is more dangerous than the pain — you can burn or injure a foot without knowing. Daily foot checks and never using a hot water bottle on numb feet prevent most serious complications.

When is it an emergency?

Rapidly progressive weakness, especially spreading up from the legs, or anything affecting breathing or swallowing. That needs emergency assessment the same day.

Dr Mohammad Zubair Khan, GMC-registered private GP and founder of Cheshire Clinics
Clinically reviewed by Dr Mohammad Zubair Khan, GMC 7563469
Last reviewed

September 8, 2026

How it works

What happens when you book

£40 for a 20-minute appointment with a GMC-registered GP, 6am to 10pm, seven days a week. Membership is optional and never required.
Cheshire Clinics online GP appointment booking confirmation on mobile
01

Book your appointment

Pick a time that suits you — 6am to 10pm, seven days a week, including weekends and bank holidays. £40 for 20 minutes, self-pay, with no insurance to arrange.
5–10 minutes
Online video consultation with a GMC-registered private GP
02

Meet your GP

A 20-minute video or phone consultation with a GMC-registered GP — long enough for a proper conversation about your symptoms, your history and what matters to you.
20 minutes
Diagnostic testing plan including blood test panel, ECG and urine screening
03

Tests and referrals, if you need them

Where testing will actually answer the question, we arrange it — blood tests and health screening through our laboratory partner, or a referral for ultrasound, X-ray, CT or MRI through private imaging providers. We will also tell you when a scan is not the right next step.
1–7 days
Personalised results and treatment plan from a private GP consultation
04

Results and next steps

Your GP talks you through what the results mean and agrees the next step with you. Every consultation ends with your treatment plan in writing, and any prescription goes to your own pharmacy.
20 minutes
GP follow-up reminder for ongoing care and progress monitoring
05

Ongoing care and follow-up

Follow-up appointments, progress monitoring and ongoing advice — including saying plainly when something needs in-person or NHS care instead.

Ongoing

How we compare

Time to be seen

Appointment length

Your NHS record in the room

Written treatment plan

Told when a test isn’t needed

Cost

Varies by practice

Typically 10 minutes

Yes, your full record

Not routinely

Usually

Free

Same day

Often 10 to 15 minutes

Usually not

Sometimes charged

Varies by provider

Often a subscription

Questions about our service

How quickly can I be seen?

Same-day access is usually available, from 6am to 10pm, seven days a week. You choose a time that suits you rather than waiting on hold at 8am.

Will I see the same doctor each time?

Yes. Care is led personally by Dr Mohammad Khan, so you are not passed between clinicians. Continuity is the point of a small practice: someone who knows your history and is listening attentively rather than working through a checklist.

Can you see my NHS records?

Yes, with your consent. We can access your Summary Care Record during the consultation, so your current medications, allergies and significant history are in the room. That means fewer questions you have already answered elsewhere, and safer prescribing.

Are you trying to replace my NHS GP?

No. We are not here to replace GPs, only to support them. Your NHS practice remains responsible for your ongoing care, and with your consent we write to them after the consultation. We are useful when you need to be seen sooner, or want more time than a standard appointment allows.

What is included in the appointment?

Twenty unhurried minutes and a comprehensive assessment. A written treatment plan is included, along with any prescription, sick note or referral letter arising from the consultation, at no extra charge.

How much does it cost?

£40 for 20 minutes, self-pay. Membership is optional and never required. Priced for fairness, because we are not here to charge extortionate amounts for access to a doctor.

What does “treatable online” actually mean?

It means the diagnosis can usually be made from your history and photographs, and that treatment can be arranged safely without examining you. Where a condition is not marked treatable online, it is because examination is the diagnosis — listening to a chest, feeling an abdomen, examining an ear or a joint — or because a procedure or device is needed.

Can you prescribe antibiotics?

Yes, where there is a genuine bacterial infection — cellulitis, impetigo, bacterial urine infections, confirmed strep throat. We will also frequently tell you that you do not need one. Most sore throats, coughs, colds and earaches are viral, and an antibiotic gives you the side effects with none of the benefit.

What if the GP cannot help with what I need?

If your problem turns out to be genuinely outside what we can do remotely, the doctor will tell you straight away, point you to the right service, and refund your fee in full. We would rather do that than fill twenty minutes to justify the charge.

What should I do in an emergency?

Call 999 or go to A&E — do not book an online appointment and do not wait for a reply to an email. For urgent problems that are not emergencies, NHS 111 is available 24 hours a day, online or by phone, and can direct you to the right service.

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