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Adult ADHD

What we can and cannot do — stated plainly, because a lot of clinics are not clear about this.

£40 · 20 minutes

Same-day availability

6am to 10pm, seven days

Assessed and treated by a GMC-registered GP

Prescriptions, sick notes and referral letters included

A written treatment plan after every appointment

Your NHS records in the room, with your consent

Clinically reviewed by Dr Mohammad Khan · Last reviewed

August 23, 2026

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A 20-minute appointment with a GMC-registered GP for £40. No membership required.

Private GP care led personally by Dr Mohammad Zubair Khan, GMC 7563469.

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Same-Day Appointments
Sick Notes
Private Prescriptions
Blood Tests
Menopause & HRT
Weight Management
Mental Health
Specialist Referrals
Same-Day Appointments
Sick Notes
Private Prescriptions
Blood Tests
Menopause & HRT
Weight Management
Mental Health
Specialist Referrals

Overview

ADHD is a neurodevelopmental condition affecting attention regulation, impulse control and executive function — the mental machinery for planning, starting tasks, switching between them, managing time and regulating emotion.

It is present from childhood by definition, even where it is only recognised in adulthood. Around 3 to 4% of adults are affected, and a large proportion have never been assessed.

We should be clear about our limits at the outset, because this is an area where a lot of services are not.

We do not diagnose ADHD. Diagnosis requires a structured specialist assessment covering childhood history, ideally with information from someone who knew you as a child, and formal exclusion of the conditions that imitate it. It is not something any twenty-minute consultation can deliver, and a service offering it as one should be treated with caution.

We do not prescribe stimulant medication. These are controlled drugs, and remote initiation is not appropriate.

What a consultation here does offer is genuinely useful: a proper discussion of whether assessment is warranted, screening for the conditions that mimic ADHD and are far more common, a private referral letter, and — importantly — an honest explanation of the NHS Right to Choose route, which many people do not know exists and which costs nothing.

Common symptoms

Inattention — usually the dominant feature in adults

  • Difficulty sustaining attention on things that are not intrinsically interesting
  • Starting tasks is disproportionately hard, even ones you want to do — often experienced as paralysis rather than laziness
  • Losing things; forgetting appointments; missing deadlines
  • Difficulty organising, and chronic underestimation of how long things take
  • Careless errors in work that is well within your ability
  • Hyperfocus — losing hours in something absorbing, which people find confusing because it seems to contradict the attention difficulty. It does not; the issue is regulating attention, not having it

Hyperactivity and impulsivity — which change with age

  • In adults, hyperactivity usually becomes internal restlessness rather than visible fidgeting — a sense of being driven, unable to settle, uncomfortable doing nothing
  • Talking over people; finishing sentences; struggling to wait
  • Impulsive decisions — purchases, jobs, relationships
  • Interrupting, and difficulty with turn-taking

The parts that are not in the diagnostic criteria but dominate daily life

  • Emotional dysregulation — intense, fast-shifting emotional responses. Frequently the most disruptive feature and the least discussed
  • Rejection sensitivity — disproportionate distress at perceived criticism
  • Difficulty with sleep, both getting to sleep and getting up
  • Chronic exhaustion from the effort of compensating

Why it is missed in women and girls

The inattentive presentation — quiet, disorganised, daydreaming — does not disrupt a classroom, so it does not get noticed. Girls also mask more effectively, at considerable cost. Many women are identified only in their thirties or forties, frequently after a child is diagnosed and the description sounds uncomfortably familiar.

Causes and risk factors

What causes it

ADHD is strongly heritable — among the most heritable conditions in psychiatry. It involves differences in the brain networks regulating attention and executive control, particularly those using dopamine and noradrenaline.

It is not caused by parenting, screen time, or sugar. Those beliefs persist and cause a great deal of unwarranted guilt.

Other contributors include prematurity, low birth weight, and prenatal exposures.

What imitates or accompanies it

This list matters, because these are far more common than ADHD and several are straightforwardly treatable:

  • Sleep apnoea and chronic sleep deprivation — which impair attention, memory and emotional regulation exactly as ADHD does, and are very commonly undiagnosed
  • Iron deficiency, and low B12 or vitamin D
  • Thyroid disease
  • Anxiety and depression — both impair concentration substantially, and both frequently coexist with ADHD rather than replacing it
  • Perimenopause — oestrogen influences dopamine, so ADHD symptoms commonly worsen markedly in the forties, and women are frequently identified for the first time then. Equally, perimenopausal brain fog is sometimes mistaken for ADHD
  • Autism, which frequently co-occurs
  • Bipolar disorder, alcohol and substance use, and the effects of trauma

Sorting these out is the most useful thing a GP consultation contributes before an assessment.

How it is diagnosed

Diagnosis requires a structured specialist assessment, carried out by a psychiatrist or a suitably trained specialist. It involves:

  • A detailed developmental history, with evidence that symptoms were present before age 12
  • Symptoms in more than one setting — work and home, not just one
  • Clear functional impairment
  • Collateral information, ideally from a parent or someone who knew you as a child, or school reports
  • Formal exclusion of other explanations

Screening questionnaires such as the ASRS are useful for deciding whether assessment is warranted. They do not diagnose anything, and a high score is a reason to be assessed rather than an answer.

What we do before referral

The genuinely valuable part, and the part most often skipped:

  • Blood testsferritin, thyroid function, B12 and folate, vitamin D, full blood count
  • Screening for sleep apnoea, which is a common and entirely treatable cause of the same symptoms
  • Assessment of mood, anxiety and alcohol use
  • Considering perimenopause where relevant
  • A referral letter setting out the history properly, which shortens the assessment

Two routes to assessment

NHS Right to Choose. In England you have a legal right to choose your provider for a first outpatient appointment, including several ADHD services with shorter waits than local NHS teams. It is free, and a great many people have never heard of it. We will explain how it works and provide the referral.

Private assessment. Faster, and costs several hundred to over a thousand pounds. Before you spend that, read the next section — there is something you should know about what happens afterwards.

How we treat it online

The honest warning about private diagnosis

If you are diagnosed privately and started on medication, the usual expectation is that your NHS GP will take over prescribing under a shared care agreement, at NHS prescription cost.

Many NHS practices now decline shared care for ADHD. It is not obligatory, and where a practice declines, you are left paying privately for medication and monitoring indefinitely — which can run to substantial ongoing cost.

Ask your NHS practice whether they accept ADHD shared care before you pay for a private assessment. It is a two-minute question that has caught out a great many people, and no private provider is likely to raise it with you.

What we can and cannot prescribe

We do not initiate or prescribe stimulant medication — methylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine and similar. They are controlled drugs requiring in-person titration with blood pressure, pulse and cardiac assessment, and remote prescribing is not appropriate. This applies to everyone.

Established treatment involves careful dose titration over weeks, regular blood pressure and heart rate checks, and — in children — height and weight monitoring. That is specialist work.

What we can do

  • Assess and treat the conditions that mimic or accompany ADHD — iron deficiency, thyroid, sleep apnoea, anxiety, depression, perimenopause
  • Provide a referral letter for either route
  • Treat coexisting depression or anxiety, which frequently improves function considerably in its own right
  • Support a letter for workplace or educational adjustments
  • Discuss the practical strategies below

What actually helps besides medication

  • ADHD coaching and CBT adapted for ADHD — good evidence, particularly for the organisational and emotional side
  • Workplace adjustments — ADHD is generally covered by the Equality Act, so reasonable adjustments are a legal entitlement rather than a favour. Access to Work is a government scheme funding coaching, software and equipment, and it is substantially under-claimed
  • Exercise, which measurably improves attention and mood
  • Treating sleep, which is often the highest-yield single change
Mental health and wellbeing consultation - private GP appointment for anxiety, depression and low mood at Cheshire Clinics
Important

When to seek urgent help

Seek urgent help — call 999, or the Samaritans on 116 123 — if:

  • You have thoughts of harming yourself. Rates of self-harm and suicidal thinking are raised in undiagnosed and untreated ADHD, and this is not something to sit with
  • You feel unable to keep yourself safe

Seek same-day assessment if you are taking ADHD medication and have:

  • Chest pain, palpitations, fainting or severe breathlessness
  • Severe agitation, or new psychotic symptoms
  • A sustained rise in blood pressure or heart rate
  • Marked weight loss, or in a child, a fall away from the growth curve

Book a consultation for:

  • Longstanding difficulties with attention, organisation or impulsivity affecting work, study or relationships
  • Screening for the treatable conditions that mimic ADHD — particularly if you have never had iron, thyroid or sleep apnoea checked
  • A referral letter, and a discussion of the Right to Choose route
  • Coexisting anxiety or depression, which is very common and treatable now rather than after a two-year wait
  • Symptoms worsening markedly in your forties, where perimenopause may be part of the picture
  • Escalating alcohol or cannabis use, which frequently reflects self-medication

Prevention and self-care

Structure, made external

The underlying difficulty is executive function — so the effective strategies all move that work out of your head and into the environment.

  • Write everything down immediately. One capture point, always to hand. Anything held in memory is effectively lost
  • Use timers and alarms for everything, including starting tasks, not just finishing them
  • Break tasks down further than seems reasonable. "Do tax return" is unstartable; "open the folder" is not
  • Body doubling — working alongside someone, in person or on a video call. Surprisingly effective and widely used within the ADHD community
  • Visible reminders — things out of sight genuinely are out of mind, so hooks by the door rather than drawers
  • Do the boring task at your best time of day, not when you feel you ought to

The foundations that make everything harder if missing

  • Sleep. Sleep deprivation produces exactly the symptoms of ADHD and worsens existing ADHD considerably. If you snore or wake unrefreshed, get sleep apnoea excluded
  • Exercise — one of the best-evidenced non-drug interventions for attention
  • Alcohol and cannabis both worsen it, and self-medicating with either is common and counterproductive
  • Regular meals; low blood sugar makes attention regulation harder

Two things worth knowing about

Access to Work — a government scheme that funds ADHD coaching, assistive software and equipment for employed and self-employed people. It is not means-tested, does not come from your employer's budget, and is badly under-claimed.

The Equality Act — ADHD generally qualifies as a disability, so reasonable workplace adjustments are an entitlement. Written instructions, flexible deadlines, a quieter workspace and noise-cancelling headphones are all routine adjustments.

On supplements

No supplement treats ADHD. Omega-3 has a very small effect at best. Correcting a genuine iron deficiency, however, does improve symptoms — which is a reason to have ferritin checked properly rather than to buy something speculatively.

NHS or private

This is the area of private medicine with the most difficult reputation, and it is worth being direct.

NHS ADHD assessment is free, and under the Right to Choose pathway in England you can ask your GP to refer you to any NHS-commissioned provider — which is frequently much faster than the local service and costs nothing. A great many people pay privately without knowing that route exists, and it is the single most useful thing on this page.

Private assessment is legitimate and can be excellent — but quality varies enormously. A proper assessment takes well over an hour, involves collateral history where possible, screens for the conditions that mimic and coexist with ADHD, and is carried out by a psychiatrist or suitably qualified specialist. An assessment lasting forty minutes with a diagnosis at the end is not that.

The practical trap is shared care. Many NHS practices now decline shared care agreements for privately initiated ADHD medication, which leaves people paying privately for prescriptions indefinitely. Ask your GP surgery about their shared care policy before you pay for an assessment, not afterwards.

What we do not do is diagnose ADHD or prescribe stimulants. Stimulants are controlled drugs, we never prescribe them remotely, and diagnosis requires specialist assessment. What we can do is discuss whether assessment is warranted, screen for the things that look like ADHD — thyroid disease, sleep apnoea, anxiety, depression — and help you navigate the referral routes.

Evidence and guidelines

NICE NG87, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management, is the governing guideline. It specifies that diagnosis should be made only by a specialist psychiatrist, paediatrician or other appropriately qualified healthcare professional, based on a full clinical and psychosocial assessment.

NG87 requires assessment of developmental and psychiatric history, observer reports, and consideration of the impact of symptoms across settings — which is why a brief assessment is inadequate.

NG87 recommends medication as part of a comprehensive treatment plan, with baseline cardiovascular assessment and ongoing monitoring of height, weight, blood pressure and pulse.

ADHD medications are Schedule 2 controlled drugs under the Misuse of Drugs Regulations 2001, and GMC remote prescribing guidance sets a high bar for prescribing controlled drugs without a face-to-face assessment — the basis for our position.

NHS England Right to Choose guidance underpins the referral route described above.

Common questions

Can you diagnose me with ADHD?

No, and neither can any twenty-minute consultation. Diagnosis needs a structured specialist assessment with childhood evidence and collateral history. What we can do is establish whether assessment is warranted, exclude the conditions that imitate it, and refer you — including via the free Right to Choose route.

What is Right to Choose?

A legal right in England to choose your provider for a first outpatient appointment. Several ADHD services accept referrals this way with shorter waits than local NHS teams, and it is free. It is not widely publicised, and many people pay privately without ever knowing it existed. Ask us for the referral.

Should I go private?

Possibly — but ask your NHS practice first whether they accept shared care for ADHD. Many now decline it. If yours does, you will be paying privately for medication and monitoring indefinitely after the assessment, which is a substantial ongoing cost that private providers rarely mention up front.

Can you prescribe my ADHD medication?

No. Stimulants are controlled drugs requiring in-person titration with cardiovascular monitoring, and remote prescribing is not appropriate for anyone. If you are established on treatment and need a review, that belongs with the service managing it.

Why was it never picked up at school?

Because the classic picture — a disruptive boy — is only one presentation. The inattentive type is quiet and disorganised rather than disruptive, so it goes unnoticed, and girls tend to mask more effectively. Being academically able also hides it, until the demands of adult life outgrow the compensations.

If I can focus on things I enjoy, can I really have ADHD?

Yes — this is one of the commonest misunderstandings. ADHD is a problem of regulating attention, not of having it. Hyperfocus on something absorbing sits alongside an inability to engage with something dull, and both come from the same underlying difficulty.

Could it be something else?

Genuinely worth checking, because several imitators are far more common and treatable. Sleep apnoea, iron deficiency, thyroid disease, anxiety, depression and perimenopause all impair attention in the same way. Excluding those is worth doing before a long assessment wait, not after.

My symptoms got much worse in my forties. Why?

Falling oestrogen affects dopamine, and many women find ADHD symptoms worsen considerably through perimenopause — or are identified for the first time then, having coped until that point. It is a recognised pattern and worth raising, because addressing the hormonal side may change how much else you need.

Dr Mohammad Zubair Khan, GMC-registered private GP and founder of Cheshire Clinics
Clinically reviewed by Dr Mohammad Zubair Khan, GMC 7563469
Last reviewed

August 23, 2026

How it works

What happens when you book

£40 for a 20-minute appointment with a GMC-registered GP, 6am to 10pm, seven days a week. Membership is optional and never required.
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01

Book your appointment

Pick a time that suits you — 6am to 10pm, seven days a week, including weekends and bank holidays. £40 for 20 minutes, self-pay, with no insurance to arrange.
5–10 minutes
Online video consultation with a GMC-registered private GP
02

Meet your GP

A 20-minute video or phone consultation with a GMC-registered GP — long enough for a proper conversation about your symptoms, your history and what matters to you.
20 minutes
Diagnostic testing plan including blood test panel, ECG and urine screening
03

Tests and referrals, if you need them

Where testing will actually answer the question, we arrange it — blood tests and health screening through our laboratory partner, or a referral for ultrasound, X-ray, CT or MRI through private imaging providers. We will also tell you when a scan is not the right next step.
1–7 days
Personalised results and treatment plan from a private GP consultation
04

Results and next steps

Your GP talks you through what the results mean and agrees the next step with you. Every consultation ends with your treatment plan in writing, and any prescription goes to your own pharmacy.
20 minutes
GP follow-up reminder for ongoing care and progress monitoring
05

Ongoing care and follow-up

Follow-up appointments, progress monitoring and ongoing advice — including saying plainly when something needs in-person or NHS care instead.

Ongoing

How we compare

Time to be seen

Appointment length

Your NHS record in the room

Written treatment plan

Told when a test isn’t needed

Cost

Varies by practice

Typically 10 minutes

Yes, your full record

Not routinely

Usually

Free

Same day

Often 10 to 15 minutes

Usually not

Sometimes charged

Varies by provider

Often a subscription

Questions about our service

How quickly can I be seen?

Same-day access is usually available, from 6am to 10pm, seven days a week. You choose a time that suits you rather than waiting on hold at 8am.

Will I see the same doctor each time?

Yes. Care is led personally by Dr Mohammad Khan, so you are not passed between clinicians. Continuity is the point of a small practice: someone who knows your history and is listening attentively rather than working through a checklist.

Can you see my NHS records?

Yes, with your consent. We can access your Summary Care Record during the consultation, so your current medications, allergies and significant history are in the room. That means fewer questions you have already answered elsewhere, and safer prescribing.

Are you trying to replace my NHS GP?

No. We are not here to replace GPs, only to support them. Your NHS practice remains responsible for your ongoing care, and with your consent we write to them after the consultation. We are useful when you need to be seen sooner, or want more time than a standard appointment allows.

What is included in the appointment?

Twenty unhurried minutes and a comprehensive assessment. A written treatment plan is included, along with any prescription, sick note or referral letter arising from the consultation, at no extra charge.

How much does it cost?

£40 for 20 minutes, self-pay. Membership is optional and never required. Priced for fairness, because we are not here to charge extortionate amounts for access to a doctor.

What does “treatable online” actually mean?

It means the diagnosis can usually be made from your history and photographs, and that treatment can be arranged safely without examining you. Where a condition is not marked treatable online, it is because examination is the diagnosis — listening to a chest, feeling an abdomen, examining an ear or a joint — or because a procedure or device is needed.

Can you prescribe antibiotics?

Yes, where there is a genuine bacterial infection — cellulitis, impetigo, bacterial urine infections, confirmed strep throat. We will also frequently tell you that you do not need one. Most sore throats, coughs, colds and earaches are viral, and an antibiotic gives you the side effects with none of the benefit.

What if the GP cannot help with what I need?

If your problem turns out to be genuinely outside what we can do remotely, the doctor will tell you straight away, point you to the right service, and refund your fee in full. We would rather do that than fill twenty minutes to justify the charge.

What should I do in an emergency?

Call 999 or go to A&E — do not book an online appointment and do not wait for a reply to an email. For urgent problems that are not emergencies, NHS 111 is available 24 hours a day, online or by phone, and can direct you to the right service.

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