Do I have to take medication?
No, and it is not always the right answer.
For mild to moderate depression and most anxiety disorders, talking therapy works comparably to medication and lasts longer after stopping — and you can self-refer to NHS Talking Therapies free, without a GP letter.
Medication is genuinely useful for moderate to severe depression, and often best combined with therapy.
Are antidepressants addictive?
No — they do not cause craving or dose escalation, which is what addiction means.
But the body does adjust, and stopping abruptly causes discontinuation symptoms — dizziness, electric-shock sensations, flu-like feelings. These are real and can be considerable, particularly with paroxetine and venlafaxine. The answer is reducing slowly, not avoiding treatment.
How long before they work?
Some benefit by two to four weeks; full effect at four to six.
Side effects come first, and anxiety can briefly worsen before it improves. That is why most people who stop do so in week two — just before it would have started helping.
Could this be physical?
Worth checking, and routinely missed. An underactive thyroid, iron deficiency, B12 deficiency, sleep apnoea and perimenopause all present as low mood and exhaustion.
So does alcohol, which is a depressant and very often part of the picture.
Is it depression or burnout?
They overlap considerably, and the distinction matters. Burnout is tied to circumstances — it lifts on holiday and returns on Monday; depression generally does not lift.
Burnout sometimes needs the circumstances changed rather than the person treated, and an antidepressant will not fix an untenable job.
Could it be undiagnosed ADHD?
Worth considering, particularly where anxiety and low mood have been present since school and antidepressants have never quite worked.
We do not diagnose ADHD — that needs specialist assessment. But ask your GP about Right to Choose in England, which lets you request referral to any provider with an NHS contract, is often far faster than the standard wait, and is still free. It is badly under-used.
Will medication change my personality?
It should not, and if it does, that needs reviewing. Some people describe emotional blunting — feeling flattened rather than better — which is a recognised effect and a reason to change dose or drug.
The aim is to feel like yourself, not to feel less. Say so rather than putting up with it.
What about sexual side effects?
Common, under-discussed, and a frequent reason people stop without telling anyone. They can usually be managed by changing dose or switching. Please raise it.
Will you prescribe something for sleep or anxiety attacks?
Not benzodiazepines or sleeping tablets — not remotely, under any circumstances. They cause dependence and tolerance, stop working within weeks, and worsen anxiety in the longer run.
What does work for panic is treatment of the underlying anxiety, and CBT has strong evidence for it.
Is any of this on my NHS record?
Only if you agree to it. Nothing is shared without your explicit consent, and declining does not affect your care.
The one thing worth weighing: if you are prescribed something, an NHS GP who does not know about it cannot check it against everything else you take.