Why will you not give me antibiotics for my sore throat?
Because most sore throats are viral, and even bacterial tonsillitis typically shortens by only about a day with antibiotics.
What you get instead is a clear answer on what this is, how long it should last, and the specific signs that would mean you need to be seen. Unnecessary antibiotics cause thrush, diarrhoea and resistance without shortening the illness.
When does a sore throat need urgent care?
Difficulty breathing or swallowing, drooling, or a muffled voice — that is A&E, because the airway may be at risk.
And a sore throat or hoarseness lasting more than three weeks needs an urgent referral, particularly in a smoker. That is the one people wait on.
My antihistamines have stopped working.
Usually they never were enough on their own. A nasal corticosteroid spray is the most effective single hay fever treatment, and combining it with an antihistamine works considerably better than either alone.
Most people missing control are missing that second half.
Am I using the nasal spray correctly?
Probably not — almost nobody is. Aim outward, toward the ear on the same side, never up the middle. Use the opposite hand — right hand, left nostril — which produces the angle naturally. Breathe in gently; do not sniff hard.
Aiming at the septum causes nosebleeds and delivers the dose to the wrong place.
Can you look in my ear?
No — and that is a genuine limitation rather than a technicality. Diagnosing an ear infection properly needs a view of the eardrum.
What we can do is assess how likely infection is, give you a clear plan, and tell you what would mean you need to be seen. Many pharmacies now treat earache in children under NHS Pharmacy First, free and without an appointment.
How do I get earwax removed?
Olive oil drops for several days often resolve it, and that is worth trying first.
Never use cotton buds — they push wax further in and cause most of the problems. Removal is done by audiology or private clinics; and please avoid ear candles, which do not work and cause burns and perforated eardrums.
I have suddenly lost hearing in one ear.
That is an emergency — seek urgent care today. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss can often be improved by steroid treatment started within days, and the window closes.
It is frequently mistaken for wax or an infection and waited out, which is exactly what loses the hearing.
How long should sinusitis last?
Most viral sinusitis improves within ten days without antibiotics.
What warrants review: symptoms beyond ten days, or worsening after initially improving — the classic double-worsening pattern. Urgent: swelling around the eye, severe headache, or visual change.
Does conjunctivitis mean staying off school?
No — and this is widely misunderstood. Conjunctivitis requires no exclusion from school or nursery. Most is viral and self-limiting.
A painful red eye with reduced vision or light sensitivity is different, and that needs same-day assessment.
Is tinnitus something to worry about?
Usually not, but two patterns need assessment: tinnitus in one ear only, and tinnitus that pulses in time with your heartbeat.
Most tinnitus is associated with hearing loss, and treating that hearing loss is often the most effective thing available. Free NHS hearing tests are worth using.