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Gonorrhoea

Gonorrhoea

Often silent, especially in women and in throat and rectal infection. Needs an injection and a follow-up test, not tablets.

£40 · 20 minutes

Same-day availability

6am to 10pm, seven days

Assessed and treated by a GMC-registered GP

Prescriptions, sick notes and referral letters included

A written treatment plan after every appointment

Your NHS records in the room, with your consent

Clinically reviewed by Dr Mohammad Khan · Last reviewed

August 30, 2026

Book a consultation

A 20-minute appointment with a GMC-registered GP for £40. No membership required.

Private GP care led personally by Dr Mohammad Zubair Khan, GMC 7563469.

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Same-Day Appointments
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Same-Day Appointments
Sick Notes
Private Prescriptions
Blood Tests
Menopause & HRT
Weight Management
Mental Health
Specialist Referrals

Overview

Gonorrhoea is a bacterial sexually transmitted infection, and after chlamydia it is the commonest in the UK. Rates have risen sharply over the past decade.

We will be straightforward: this is one to take to a sexual health clinic, not to us. There are two reasons, and both are about you getting better rather than about us being cautious.

First, the treatment is an injection. A single dose of ceftriaxone into the muscle. Tablets are no longer recommended as first-line treatment in the UK because too much resistance has developed, and nobody can inject you over a video call.

Second, resistance is the real story here. Strains resistant to ceftriaxone — the last reliable option — have now been identified in the UK. That means the sample needs culturing so the organism's sensitivities are known, and it means everyone treated for gonorrhoea needs a follow-up test to confirm it has actually gone. Clinics do that as routine. It is the part that gets skipped everywhere else.

NHS sexual health clinics are free, confidential, do not need a GP referral, and are genuinely good at this. You can usually book yourself in directly.

Common symptoms

The most important point: gonorrhoea is frequently silent. Around one in ten infections in men and up to half in women cause no symptoms at all, and throat and rectal infections are almost always symptomless. People pass it on without any idea they have it.

In men

  • Thick discharge from the penis — often yellow, green or white, and typically more copious than with chlamydia
  • Pain or burning on passing urine
  • Symptoms usually appearing 2 to 5 days after exposure
  • Pain or swelling in one testicle
  • Inflammation of the foreskin

In women

  • Often nothing at all
  • Change in vaginal discharge — thinner, more watery, yellow or green
  • Pain on passing urine
  • Bleeding between periods, or heavier periods
  • Bleeding after sex
  • Lower abdominal pain or discomfort

Throat and rectum

Almost always symptomless, which is exactly why testing has to cover the sites where sex actually happened rather than assuming a urine sample is enough. Occasionally rectal infection causes discharge, discomfort or pain on opening the bowels.

Eyes

Red, painful, discharging eye, usually from touching the eye after contact. In a newborn baby, this is a medical emergency and can threaten sight.

Causes and risk factors

How it spreads

  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae, passed through vaginal, anal and oral sex
  • Sharing sex toys that are not washed or covered with a fresh condom
  • Mother to baby during birth, causing eye infection in the newborn
  • Hand-to-eye contact after touching infected fluids

It does not spread through toilet seats, towels, swimming pools, cutlery or hugging. This gets asked often and the answer is a firm no.

Who is more likely to have it

  • Under 25s
  • Men who have sex with men — among whom rates are highest and rectal and throat testing matters most
  • New or multiple partners
  • Not using condoms consistently
  • A previous sexually transmitted infection, including a previous gonorrhoea
  • A partner with symptoms or a positive test

What can happen if it is left

  • In women: pelvic inflammatory disease, which can lead to infertility, ectopic pregnancy and long-term pelvic pain
  • In men: epididymo-orchitis, painful inflammation of the testicle, occasionally affecting fertility
  • Disseminated gonococcal infection — the bacteria entering the bloodstream, causing fever, joint pain, tendon inflammation and a rash. Uncommon, but it happens
  • Increased risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV
  • In pregnancy: miscarriage, premature birth and infection of the baby's eyes

How it is diagnosed

The tests

  • NAAT — a nucleic acid amplification test — is the standard. A urine sample in men; a self-taken vaginal swab in women, which is as accurate as one taken by a clinician and considerably more comfortable
  • Throat and rectal swabs where there has been oral or anal sex. This is the step most often missed, and since those infections are usually silent, skipping them leaves infections untreated
  • Culture — growing the organism to test which antibiotics it responds to. Given rising resistance this genuinely matters, and it is the reason a clinic swab beats a posted kit when you have symptoms
  • Microscopy, which can give an immediate answer in a clinic for men with discharge

Timing

NAAT testing is reliable about two weeks after exposure. Testing sooner can miss it, so a negative test taken a few days after a risk should be repeated.

Test the rest as well

Anyone diagnosed with gonorrhoea should be tested for chlamydia, HIV and syphilis. Co-infection is common, and a full screen is standard practice at any clinic.

The test of cure — the part people skip

Everyone treated for gonorrhoea should have a follow-up test to confirm the infection has cleared, usually around two weeks after treatment.

This is not routine for most other infections, and it is specific to gonorrhoea because of resistance. If you were treated somewhere that did not arrange one, arrange it yourself.

What else it might be

Chlamydia, trichomonas, non-specific urethritis, Mycoplasma genitalium, thrush, bacterial vaginosis, or a urinary tract infection. They overlap enough that testing rather than guessing is the only sound approach.

How we treat it online

Why we will not treat this remotely

First-line treatment in the UK is a single 1g injection of ceftriaxone into the muscle, and oral alternatives are reserved for specific situations because of resistance. We cannot give an injection over video, and prescribing tablets instead would be substandard treatment.

We also could not arrange the two things that make treatment safe: a culture to check what the organism is sensitive to, and a test of cure afterwards to prove it worked. Sexual health clinics do both as a matter of routine.

NHS sexual health clinics are free, confidential, need no referral, and see this every day. Search "sexual health clinic" with your area, or start on the NHS website. Many areas also post free self-sampling kits.

Where we can still help

  • Talking through a positive result you have already had — what it means, what happens next, and the questions people feel awkward asking at a clinic
  • Explaining test results and reports from a home kit or a private lab, properly and unhurriedly
  • Helping you decide what to test for and when, including the window periods, and which sites need swabbing
  • The conversation about telling partners — how to do it, and the anonymous options that exist
  • Symptoms after treatment, and whether they mean failure, reinfection or something else
  • Onward referral where complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease or epididymo-orchitis are suspected
  • Contraception, HIV prevention and general sexual health advice, without judgement
Sexual health consultation - discreet private GP video appointment and confidential testing at Cheshire Clinics
Important

When to seek urgent help

Call 999 or go to A&E

  • Severe lower abdominal pain with fever
  • Fever with a rash and painful, swollen joints — the picture of disseminated infection
  • Severe testicular pain of sudden onset, which may be a twisted testicle and needs surgery within hours
  • A newborn baby with a red, sticky, discharging eye — this is an emergency

Same-day or urgent assessment

  • Lower abdominal pain, fever or pain during sex in a woman, which suggests pelvic inflammatory disease. Treatment should not be delayed waiting for test results — the risk to fertility rises with every day untreated
  • A painful, swollen testicle
  • A red, painful, discharging eye in anyone
  • Any symptoms in pregnancy

Book a sexual health clinic appointment if

  • You have any discharge, pain on passing urine, or unusual bleeding
  • A partner has told you they have gonorrhoea — go and be tested even with no symptoms
  • You have had unprotected sex with a new partner
  • Symptoms return or persist after treatment, which needs assessing rather than assuming

Prevention and self-care

Preventing it

  • Condoms for vaginal and anal sex, used from start to finish
  • Condoms or dental dams for oral sex. Throat gonorrhoea is common, symptomless, and is thought to be where much of the antibiotic resistance develops
  • Wash sex toys, or cover them with a fresh condom between partners
  • Test regularly if you have new or multiple partners — annually at minimum, and every three months for men who have sex with men or anyone on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis
  • Test between partners, not only when something feels wrong

If you are diagnosed

  • Take the treatment as given, and do not swap an injection for tablets you found elsewhere
  • No sex for 7 days after treatment, and not until your partners have been treated too — otherwise you simply pass it back and forth
  • Tell your recent partners. Clinics will do this anonymously on your behalf if you prefer, and that option is used often
  • Have the test of cure
  • Get tested for chlamydia, HIV and syphilis at the same time

Telling partners

This is the part people dread, and it is worth saying plainly that it is a normal thing to have to do. Partner notification stops onward transmission and stops you being reinfected by someone you have not told.

Clinics can contact partners without naming you, and will help you work out who needs telling and over what period.

There is no lasting immunity

Having had gonorrhoea gives no protection against getting it again, and reinfection within a year is common — usually from an untreated partner.

NHS or private

The NHS is better at this, and free

  • Sexual health clinics are free, confidential, and open to anyone regardless of age or where you are registered
  • No GP referral needed, and nothing goes to your GP record without your agreement
  • They test all sites, culture the sample, treat on the spot, handle partner notification and arrange the test of cure — a complete pathway in one visit
  • Free postal self-sampling kits are available in many areas for people without symptoms
  • Under-25 services exist in most areas and are set up to be easy to use

We will not pretend a private consultation improves on this. For gonorrhoea specifically, the NHS sexual health service is the better clinical option as well as the cheaper one.

Where a private consultation is reasonable

  • Explaining results from a home or private test, and telling you what to do next
  • Working out what to test for and when, particularly after a specific incident where the window periods matter
  • A private consultation because you want privacy — a legitimate reason, though clinics are already confidential
  • Complications — suspected pelvic inflammatory disease or epididymo-orchitis — where we can assess and refer quickly
  • General sexual health, contraception and HIV prevention advice with more time than a busy clinic can offer

Evidence and guidelines

This page follows BASHH — the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV — national guideline on the management of gonorrhoea in adults, alongside NICE Clinical Knowledge Summaries and UK Health Security Agency surveillance data.

What the guidance actually says

  • Ceftriaxone 1g by intramuscular injection as a single dose is first-line treatment where antimicrobial susceptibility is unknown
  • Culture and sensitivity testing should be performed before treatment wherever possible, given rising antimicrobial resistance
  • A test of cure is recommended for all patients, because of the risk of treatment failure from resistant strains
  • Testing should include all exposed sites — urogenital, rectal and pharyngeal — as extragenital infection is commonly asymptomatic
  • NAAT is the recommended screening test, with culture required for susceptibility testing
  • Patients should abstain from sexual contact for 7 days after treatment and until partners have been treated
  • Partner notification should be offered, with look-back periods determined by symptoms and site of infection
  • Concurrent testing for chlamydia, HIV and syphilis is recommended for everyone diagnosed with gonorrhoea
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease should be treated empirically where suspected, without waiting for test results, to reduce the risk of long-term reproductive complications

On resistance

UKHSA has reported cases of ceftriaxone-resistant and extensively drug-resistant gonorrhoea in the UK, most linked to travel to the Asia-Pacific region. This underpins the emphasis on culture, correct first-line therapy and universal test of cure.

Reviewed against BASHH, NICE CKS and UKHSA guidance current at the date shown above.

Common questions

Why can you not just prescribe me antibiotics?

Because the recommended treatment is an injection, not tablets. Oral options are no longer first line in the UK because of resistance.

Prescribing tablets remotely would be worse treatment than you can get free at a clinic, so we will point you there instead.

Do I really have to go to a clinic?

For this infection, yes — and it is genuinely the better option. Free, confidential, no referral needed, and they test every site, culture the sample and arrange your follow-up test.

Nothing reaches your GP record without your agreement.

Can I have it with no symptoms?

Very much so. Around half of infections in women and one in ten in men cause nothing at all.

Throat and rectal infections are almost always silent, which is why testing the right sites matters more than waiting for symptoms.

What is a test of cure and do I need one?

A repeat test about two weeks after treatment, to confirm the infection has actually gone.

Everyone treated for gonorrhoea should have one, because resistant strains mean treatment sometimes fails. This step is frequently skipped — do not let it be.

How soon after sex can I test?

About two weeks for a reliable NAAT result.

Testing sooner can miss it, so a negative result a few days after a risk should be repeated at the two-week point.

Can I get it from oral sex?

Yes, and throat infection is common and almost always symptomless.

It is also thought to be where much of the antibiotic resistance develops, which is why throat swabs and condoms or dams for oral sex both matter more than people assume.

Will it affect my fertility?

Untreated infection can, particularly in women through pelvic inflammatory disease. Scarring of the tubes raises the risk of infertility and ectopic pregnancy.

Treated promptly, it usually causes no lasting harm.

Do I have to tell my partners?

Yes, and clinics will do it anonymously for you if you would rather. Your name is not given.

It protects them and protects you — the commonest reason people get gonorrhoea twice in a year is an untreated partner.

Can I catch it from a toilet seat?

No. It does not spread through toilet seats, towels, swimming pools, cutlery or casual contact.

It needs direct sexual contact, or transmission from mother to baby during birth.

Can I get it again after treatment?

Yes — there is no lasting immunity. Reinfection within a year is common.

It is usually from an untreated partner, which is the whole reason partner notification and the seven-day abstinence period exist.

Dr Mohammad Zubair Khan, GMC-registered private GP and founder of Cheshire Clinics
Clinically reviewed by Dr Mohammad Zubair Khan, GMC 7563469
Last reviewed

August 30, 2026

How it works

What happens when you book

£40 for a 20-minute appointment with a GMC-registered GP, 6am to 10pm, seven days a week. Membership is optional and never required.
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01

Book your appointment

Pick a time that suits you — 6am to 10pm, seven days a week, including weekends and bank holidays. £40 for 20 minutes, self-pay, with no insurance to arrange.
5–10 minutes
Online video consultation with a GMC-registered private GP
02

Meet your GP

A 20-minute video or phone consultation with a GMC-registered GP — long enough for a proper conversation about your symptoms, your history and what matters to you.
20 minutes
Diagnostic testing plan including blood test panel, ECG and urine screening
03

Tests and referrals, if you need them

Where testing will actually answer the question, we arrange it — blood tests and health screening through our laboratory partner, or a referral for ultrasound, X-ray, CT or MRI through private imaging providers. We will also tell you when a scan is not the right next step.
1–7 days
Personalised results and treatment plan from a private GP consultation
04

Results and next steps

Your GP talks you through what the results mean and agrees the next step with you. Every consultation ends with your treatment plan in writing, and any prescription goes to your own pharmacy.
20 minutes
GP follow-up reminder for ongoing care and progress monitoring
05

Ongoing care and follow-up

Follow-up appointments, progress monitoring and ongoing advice — including saying plainly when something needs in-person or NHS care instead.

Ongoing

How we compare

Time to be seen

Appointment length

Your NHS record in the room

Written treatment plan

Told when a test isn’t needed

Cost

Varies by practice

Typically 10 minutes

Yes, your full record

Not routinely

Usually

Free

Same day

Often 10 to 15 minutes

Usually not

Sometimes charged

Varies by provider

Often a subscription

Questions about our service

How quickly can I be seen?

Same-day access is usually available, from 6am to 10pm, seven days a week. You choose a time that suits you rather than waiting on hold at 8am.

Will I see the same doctor each time?

Yes. Care is led personally by Dr Mohammad Khan, so you are not passed between clinicians. Continuity is the point of a small practice: someone who knows your history and is listening attentively rather than working through a checklist.

Can you see my NHS records?

Yes, with your consent. We can access your Summary Care Record during the consultation, so your current medications, allergies and significant history are in the room. That means fewer questions you have already answered elsewhere, and safer prescribing.

Are you trying to replace my NHS GP?

No. We are not here to replace GPs, only to support them. Your NHS practice remains responsible for your ongoing care, and with your consent we write to them after the consultation. We are useful when you need to be seen sooner, or want more time than a standard appointment allows.

What is included in the appointment?

Twenty unhurried minutes and a comprehensive assessment. A written treatment plan is included, along with any prescription, sick note or referral letter arising from the consultation, at no extra charge.

How much does it cost?

£40 for 20 minutes, self-pay. Membership is optional and never required. Priced for fairness, because we are not here to charge extortionate amounts for access to a doctor.

What does “treatable online” actually mean?

It means the diagnosis can usually be made from your history and photographs, and that treatment can be arranged safely without examining you. Where a condition is not marked treatable online, it is because examination is the diagnosis — listening to a chest, feeling an abdomen, examining an ear or a joint — or because a procedure or device is needed.

Can you prescribe antibiotics?

Yes, where there is a genuine bacterial infection — cellulitis, impetigo, bacterial urine infections, confirmed strep throat. We will also frequently tell you that you do not need one. Most sore throats, coughs, colds and earaches are viral, and an antibiotic gives you the side effects with none of the benefit.

What if the GP cannot help with what I need?

If your problem turns out to be genuinely outside what we can do remotely, the doctor will tell you straight away, point you to the right service, and refund your fee in full. We would rather do that than fill twenty minutes to justify the charge.

What should I do in an emergency?

Call 999 or go to A&E — do not book an online appointment and do not wait for a reply to an email. For urgent problems that are not emergencies, NHS 111 is available 24 hours a day, online or by phone, and can direct you to the right service.

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