How should I prepare?
A morning fasted sample is preferred.
Stop iron supplements 48 hours beforehand, as they falsely raise the reading, and stop biotin 48 hours beforehand — it interferes with thyroid assays and can produce results that look like thyroid disease when there is none.
Tell us if you take B12 supplements, because they make that result uninterpretable.
My bloods came back normal. So why am I exhausted?
Because the commonest causes of fatigue do not appear in blood.
Sleep apnoea, depression, chronic insufficient sleep, post-viral fatigue and ME/CFS all run with entirely normal results — and every one is real.
Normal bloods narrow the field. They do not mean nothing is wrong, and they are not where the conversation should stop.
What gets found most often?
Iron deficiency, by some margin — then vitamin D deficiency, thyroid disease, B12 or folate deficiency, prediabetes and coeliac disease.
All treatable, which is the point of looking.
My haemoglobin was normal. Can I still be iron deficient?
Yes — and this is the single most useful thing on this page.
Iron deficiency without anaemia is common and causes genuine fatigue, particularly in menstruating women. Ferritin shows it; a full blood count does not.
A ferritin at the low end of the reference range is frequently worth treating.
Could it be my thyroid?
Possibly, and it is checked. Thyroid antibodies matter too — they can indicate autoimmune thyroid disease before TSH becomes abnormal.
And stop biotin 48 hours before, or the thyroid results may be wrong in a way that looks convincing.
What about adrenal fatigue?
It is not a recognised diagnosis, and the tests sold to diagnose it are not valid.
Genuine adrenal insufficiency — Addison's disease — is real, serious and rare, and diagnosed quite differently. We would test for it where the picture actually fits.
Could it be sleep apnoea?
Very possibly, and it is substantially underdiagnosed — particularly in women, where it presents as fatigue, insomnia and low mood rather than loud snoring.
Worth asking about if you wake unrefreshed however long you sleep, or if a partner has noticed pauses in your breathing. It needs a sleep study, and NHS referral is free.
Could it be depression?
Yes, and it is one of the commonest causes. Depression causes profound physical exhaustion, not only low mood.
NHS Talking Therapies accepts self-referrals without going through a GP, and it is free.
When should I be worried?
Unintentional weight loss, drenching night sweats, new lumps, or fatigue getting rapidly worse.
Those need urgent assessment through your NHS GP, who can refer on an urgent pathway. Do not route that through a private blood test.