Treatable online

Chlamydia

The commonest bacterial STI in the UK, usually silent, and easily cured.

£40 · 20 minutes

Same-day availability

6am to 10pm, seven days

Assessed and treated by a GMC-registered GP

Prescriptions, sick notes and referral letters included

A written treatment plan after every appointment

Your NHS records in the room, with your consent

Clinically reviewed by Dr Mohammad Khan · Last reviewed

August 23, 2026

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A 20-minute appointment with a GMC-registered GP for £40. No membership required.

Private GP care led personally by Dr Mohammad Zubair Khan, GMC 7563469.

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Private Prescriptions
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Weight Management
Mental Health
Specialist Referrals

Overview

Chlamydia is the commonest bacterial sexually transmitted infection in the UK. It is easily treated with a week of antibiotics and, left alone, can cause pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy and tubal infertility.

The defining fact about it is that most people who have it have no idea. Around seven in ten infected women and half of infected men have no symptoms at all. There is nothing to notice, nothing to prompt a visit, and the infection quietly continues — which is why chlamydia is found by testing rather than by symptoms, and why "I feel fine" is not information.

Three practical points that make a real difference and are routinely got wrong:

  • The right sample matters more than the test. In women, a self-taken vaginal swab is significantly more accurate than a urine sample — yet urine is what many home kits send. In men, first-catch urine is correct, holding it for an hour first
  • A urine or vaginal test cannot detect throat or rectal infection. If you have had receptive oral or anal sex, those sites need their own swabs, and they are frequently missed — including by commercial testing services
  • Do not retest too early. The test detects bacterial DNA, including from dead organisms, so a test of cure within five weeks of treatment can be positive when the infection has gone

And one thing we will say plainly, because it costs us the booking: NHS sexual health clinics do this exceptionally well, entirely free, including partner notification and full screening. If you can access one, that is often the better route. We are here for speed, privacy, or when clinic access is difficult.

Common symptoms

Most often, nothing

Around 70% of women and 50% of men have no symptoms whatsoever. This is the single most important thing on this page. An absent symptom is not an absent infection, and the only way to know is to test.

In women, when symptoms do occur

In men

  • White, cloudy or watery discharge from the penis — typically less obvious than with gonorrhoea
  • Burning or stinging on passing urine
  • Irritation or itching at the tip of the penis
  • Pain or swelling in one testicle — epididymo-orchitis, which needs prompt assessment

Symptoms at other sites

  • Rectal infection — usually silent, sometimes causing discomfort, discharge or bleeding. Requires a rectal swab; nothing else will find it
  • Throat infection — almost always symptomless. Requires a throat swab
  • Eye infection — a persistent, gritty conjunctivitis that does not respond to ordinary drops, usually from hand transfer. Easily missed for months

Features that mean this needs seeing urgently

  • Severe pelvic pain with fever — possible pelvic inflammatory disease
  • One-sided testicular pain or swelling — which must be distinguished from testicular torsion, a surgical emergency
  • Severe pain with abnormal bleeding and a missed period — possible ectopic pregnancy
  • Joint pain, red eyes and urinary symptoms together — reactive arthritis, a recognised complication

Causes and risk factors

The organism, and how it is passed on

Chlamydia trachomatis, a bacterium transmitted through unprotected vaginal, anal or oral sex, and by genital contact without penetration. It can also pass from mother to baby during birth, causing eye or chest infection in the newborn.

You do not need penetration or ejaculation to catch it, which surprises people. Sharing sex toys without washing them or changing the condom also transmits it.

What it is not spread by

Toilet seats, towels, swimming pools, cutlery, kissing or hugging. Worth stating, because the anxiety around this is common and misplaced.

Who is most affected

  • Young people under 25 — by a considerable margin, which is why the national screening programme targets this group
  • Anyone with a new partner, or more than one partner in the past year
  • Anyone whose partner has other partners
  • People who do not use condoms consistently
  • Anyone previously diagnosed with chlamydia — reinfection rates are high, which is why a repeat test at three months is recommended

Why untreated infection matters

In women:

  • Pelvic inflammatory disease — infection spreading upward, in a meaningful proportion of untreated cases
  • Ectopic pregnancy, from tubal scarring — which can be life-threatening
  • Tubal factor infertility, and this is the part that is often unrecognised: damage can occur without any symptoms ever having been present. Women discover it years later during fertility investigation
  • Chronic pelvic pain
  • In pregnancy: premature birth, and infection passed to the baby

In men: epididymo-orchitis, and rarely reduced fertility. In anyone: reactive arthritis — joint pain, eye inflammation and urinary symptoms together — which is uncommon but genuinely disabling.

The other infections to think about at the same time

Chlamydia rarely travels alone. Gonorrhoea in particular is frequently found alongside it, and anyone testing for one should be tested for the other, plus HIV and syphilis. LGV — an aggressive rectal form of chlamydia — occurs mainly in men who have sex with men and needs a longer treatment course.

How it is diagnosed

Testing is straightforward and works well remotely — the sample is self-taken, and there is no examination required for an uncomplicated case.

The right test, and the right sample

The test is a NAAT, which detects the bacterium's genetic material. It is highly accurate. Where the accuracy is lost is in sample choice:

  • Women: a self-taken vulvovaginal swab. This is more sensitive than a urine sample and is the recommended sample — yet urine kits are widely sold to women, and they miss infections. Take the swab yourself; it is not uncomfortable and requires no examination
  • Men: first-catch urine. The first part of the stream, not mid-stream, and ideally after holding urine for at least an hour. Passing urine shortly beforehand washes the bacteria away and is a common cause of a false negative
  • Rectal and throat swabs where relevant. A genital test does not detect infection at these sites. If you have had receptive anal or oral sex, ask specifically — many services do not offer it unless prompted

Timing

  • Test from two weeks after the exposure. Testing sooner can miss it; if you test early and it is negative, repeat it
  • You do not need symptoms, and you should not wait for them
  • Test of cure is not routinely needed, except in pregnancy, rectal infection, or where symptoms persist. When it is done, wait at least five weeks — the test detects DNA from dead bacteria and will otherwise read positive when you are cured
  • Repeat testing at three months after treatment is recommended, because reinfection is common

What we do alongside

  • Full STI screening — gonorrhoea, HIV and syphilis, because co-infection is common
  • A pregnancy test where relevant, given the ectopic risk
  • Assessment of pelvic pain, which changes the treatment entirely if pelvic inflammatory disease is present

What needs an in-person examination

  • Suspected pelvic inflammatory disease — pelvic pain with fever, or pain on intercourse with abnormal bleeding
  • Testicular pain or swelling — which needs examining urgently to exclude torsion
  • Suspected ectopic pregnancy — an emergency
  • Complex or recurrent infection, which is better handled by a sexual health clinic

How we treat it online

1. The antibiotic course

  • Doxycycline 100mg twice daily for seven days is now first-line. It replaced single-dose azithromycin because it is more effective — particularly for rectal infection, where the single dose failed too often
  • In pregnancy or breastfeeding, doxycycline is not used. Azithromycin or erythromycin is prescribed instead, with a test of cure afterwards
  • Longer courses for complicated infection: pelvic inflammatory disease, epididymo-orchitis, or LGV
  • Doxycycline causes sun sensitivity — you can burn easily, which matters if you are going somewhere sunny. Take it with food and a full glass of water, and stay upright for half an hour afterwards to avoid irritating the gullet

2. The rules that decide whether treatment works

  • Finish the full seven days, even once any symptoms settle
  • No sex for seven days after finishing the course — including oral sex, and including with a condom
  • And not until your partner has completed treatment too. This is the step most often skipped, and it is the commonest reason people are reinfected within weeks by the person they never stopped sleeping with

3. Partner notification — which genuinely matters

Current partners, and usually anyone from the past six months, need testing and treating.

NHS sexual health clinics will do this for you, anonymously and free. Your name is never given. If telling a former partner feels impossible, that service exists precisely for that, and using it is the responsible choice rather than a lesser one. We can also provide a note for a partner to take to their own doctor.

4. Follow-up

  • Test of cure where indicated — pregnancy, rectal infection, persistent symptoms — after at least five weeks
  • A repeat test at three months for everyone, because reinfection is common and usually silent
  • Contraception review, and a discussion about future protection

5. What we will not do

  • Treat without a positive test, unless you are a named contact of a confirmed case or have a picture that clearly warrants it
  • Treat suspected pelvic inflammatory disease or testicular pain remotely — these need examining
  • Prescribe doxycycline in pregnancy
  • Repeat treatment for a positive test done too soon after a course — that is usually residual DNA, not failure

6. The honest point about where to go

NHS sexual health clinics are excellent, free, confidential, and do partner notification properly. They are usually the better option, and we will say so. Come to us if you want it dealt with today, want the privacy of your own home, cannot get an appointment, or would simply rather have the conversation with a GP.

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Important

When to seek urgent help

Go to A&E or call 999 for:

  • Sudden severe testicular pain, particularly in a younger man — this may be testicular torsion, which needs surgery within hours to save the testicle. Do not wait to see if it eases
  • Severe one-sided lower abdominal pain with a missed or late period, with or without bleeding, and particularly with shoulder-tip pain, faintness or collapse — possible ectopic pregnancy, which is life-threatening
  • Severe pelvic pain with a high fever and feeling very unwell

Seek same-day medical advice for:

  • Pelvic or lower abdominal pain with fever — possible pelvic inflammatory disease, where prompt treatment protects future fertility
  • Testicular pain or swelling developing over a day or two
  • Heavy or unusual vaginal bleeding with pain
  • Any symptoms of infection during pregnancy

Arrange a prompt appointment for:

  • A partner who has been diagnosed with chlamydia — you need testing and usually treating, whether or not you have symptoms
  • Unusual discharge, bleeding between periods or after sex, or pain on passing urine
  • Joint pains with red or sore eyes and urinary symptoms — reactive arthritis
  • Persistent gritty conjunctivitis not responding to ordinary treatment, alongside any sexual health risk

Book a routine test if:

  • You have had unprotected sex with a new partner — symptoms or not
  • You are under 25 and sexually active — annual testing is recommended
  • You have had a change of partner since your last test
  • You are planning a pregnancy
  • It is three months since you were treated — the repeat test that catches silent reinfection

Prevention and self-care

What reduces the risk

  • Condoms, for vaginal, anal and oral sex. They substantially reduce transmission though they do not eliminate it, since chlamydia passes by genital contact as well
  • Dental dams for oral sex on a woman
  • Wash sex toys between uses and between partners, and change the condom on them
  • Test between partners — and remember most infections are silent, so a partner who feels fine is not evidence of anything
  • Get tested annually if you have a new partner or more than one partner — more often if that changes frequently
  • Test after unprotected sex with a new partner even if you both feel well

When you have been diagnosed

  • Finish the full course
  • No sex for seven days after finishing, and not until your partner has finished theirs
  • Tell your partners, or use the clinic's anonymous notification service
  • Take doxycycline with food and water, upright, and use sun protection
  • Book the three-month repeat test before you forget — reinfection is common and silent

On the emotional side

Worth saying directly. Chlamydia is extremely common, frequently carried for months or years without any symptoms, and its presence tells you nothing reliable about when — or with whom — it was acquired. A positive result in a long relationship is not proof of anything, and a great deal of unnecessary damage is done by assuming otherwise. If that situation is in front of you, it is worth asking about before drawing conclusions.

Fertility, and the reason to test rather than wait

The most important argument for testing without symptoms: tubal damage can occur in women who never had a single symptom. It is not discovered at the time; it is discovered years later during fertility investigation, when it cannot be undone. A test that costs very little now removes that possibility.

Where to get tested free

  • NHS sexual health clinics — free, confidential, walk-in in many areas, and comprehensive
  • Free postal test kits — available in most parts of England for under-25s and often more widely
  • Your own GP
  • Some pharmacies and young people's services

NHS or private

NHS sexual health services are free, expert, confidential and frequently walk-in — and for chlamydia they are simply better than a private GP. We would send you there rather than take a fee, and that is not false modesty: they do partner notification, they test for everything alongside, and they do it anonymously.

Free NHS postal testing kits are available across much of England — ordered online, posted to your home, returned by post, results by text. For anyone under 25, the National Chlamydia Screening Programme offers free testing routinely.

Partner notification is the part private care handles badly and sexual health clinics handle well. They can contact partners anonymously on your behalf, which most people find far easier than doing it themselves — and untreated partners are the reason chlamydia recurs.

Where a private consultation genuinely helps is speed and privacy for someone who will not attend a clinic, and treating a partner where testing has already confirmed the diagnosis.

The clinical points that matter: chlamydia is usually completely symptomless, which is why testing rather than waiting for symptoms is the whole strategy; a test of cure is not routinely needed except in pregnancy or rectal infection; and retesting after three months is recommended, because reinfection is common.

Pelvic pain, fever, or pain during sex needs prompt assessment — pelvic inflammatory disease affects future fertility and is treated urgently.

Evidence and guidelines

BASHH (British Association for Sexual Health and HIV) UK national guideline for the management of infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is the principal reference. It recommends doxycycline 100mg twice daily for seven days as first-line treatment, having moved away from single-dose azithromycin because of efficacy and resistance concerns.

BASHH recommends azithromycin as an alternative where doxycycline is contraindicated, including in pregnancy.

BASHH recommends against routine test of cure except in pregnancy, rectal infection, or where adherence is in doubt — but recommends retesting at three months because of high reinfection rates.

The National Chlamydia Screening Programme offers opportunistic testing for those aged 15 to 24 in England.

BASHH and NICE guidance cover partner notification, and NICE CKS covers pelvic inflammatory disease as a complication requiring prompt treatment to protect fertility.

Common questions

I feel completely fine — do I really need a test?

Yes, and this is the whole point of the condition. Around 70% of infected women and half of infected men have no symptoms at all. Feeling fine tells you nothing. The damage that matters most — tubal scarring affecting future fertility — happens silently, and is discovered years later when it is too late to prevent.

Which test should I have?

Women: a self-taken vaginal swab, not urine. It is measurably more accurate, and urine kits sold to women do miss infections. Men: first-catch urine, having held it for at least an hour. And if you have had receptive anal or oral sex, ask specifically for rectal and throat swabs — a genital test cannot detect infection at those sites, and they are commonly overlooked.

How soon after sex can I test?

From two weeks after the exposure. Earlier than that can miss it — so if you test at a few days and it is negative, repeat it at two weeks rather than treating that result as final.

Does chlamydia definitely cause infertility?

No — most people treated promptly have no lasting effects at all. The risk comes from infection left untreated for a long time, where scarring of the fallopian tubes can develop. Since most infections are silent, the only reliable protection is testing rather than waiting to feel unwell. Treated early, the outlook is excellent.

My partner tested positive. Does that mean they cheated?

Not necessarily, and this is worth pausing on before anything is said. Chlamydia can be carried for months or even years with no symptoms whatsoever, so a positive result gives no reliable information about when it was acquired. It may predate the relationship entirely. It is a genuinely common source of unnecessary harm, and we would rather raise it than let you assume.

How do I tell my previous partners?

You do not have to do it yourself. NHS sexual health clinics will contact them for you, anonymously and free — your name is never disclosed. Using that service is the responsible option, not a lesser one. It matters, because untreated partners will reinfect you and may be unknowingly harming their own fertility.

When can I have sex again?

Seven days after finishing the course — and not until your partner has completed theirs. That includes oral sex, and it includes using a condom. Skipping the second half of that rule is the commonest reason people are back with the same infection a month later.

I got treated but the test is still positive.

Usually timing rather than failure. The test detects the bacterium's DNA, including from dead organisms, so a test of cure done within five weeks of treatment can read positive when the infection has cleared. Wait at least five weeks. A genuine positive after that suggests reinfection or a treatment issue, and needs reviewing.

Dr Mohammad Zubair Khan, GMC-registered private GP and founder of Cheshire Clinics
Clinically reviewed by Dr Mohammad Zubair Khan, GMC 7563469
Last reviewed

August 23, 2026

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What happens when you book

£40 for a 20-minute appointment with a GMC-registered GP, 6am to 10pm, seven days a week. Membership is optional and never required.
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Where testing will actually answer the question, we arrange it — blood tests and health screening through our laboratory partner, or a referral for ultrasound, X-ray, CT or MRI through private imaging providers. We will also tell you when a scan is not the right next step.
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Your GP talks you through what the results mean and agrees the next step with you. Every consultation ends with your treatment plan in writing, and any prescription goes to your own pharmacy.
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Ongoing care and follow-up

Follow-up appointments, progress monitoring and ongoing advice — including saying plainly when something needs in-person or NHS care instead.

Ongoing

How we compare

Time to be seen

Appointment length

Your NHS record in the room

Written treatment plan

Told when a test isn’t needed

Cost

Varies by practice

Typically 10 minutes

Yes, your full record

Not routinely

Usually

Free

Same day

Often 10 to 15 minutes

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Varies by provider

Often a subscription

Questions about our service

How quickly can I be seen?

Same-day access is usually available, from 6am to 10pm, seven days a week. You choose a time that suits you rather than waiting on hold at 8am.

Will I see the same doctor each time?

Yes. Care is led personally by Dr Mohammad Khan, so you are not passed between clinicians. Continuity is the point of a small practice: someone who knows your history and is listening attentively rather than working through a checklist.

Can you see my NHS records?

Yes, with your consent. We can access your Summary Care Record during the consultation, so your current medications, allergies and significant history are in the room. That means fewer questions you have already answered elsewhere, and safer prescribing.

Are you trying to replace my NHS GP?

No. We are not here to replace GPs, only to support them. Your NHS practice remains responsible for your ongoing care, and with your consent we write to them after the consultation. We are useful when you need to be seen sooner, or want more time than a standard appointment allows.

What is included in the appointment?

Twenty unhurried minutes and a comprehensive assessment. A written treatment plan is included, along with any prescription, sick note or referral letter arising from the consultation, at no extra charge.

How much does it cost?

£40 for 20 minutes, self-pay. Membership is optional and never required. Priced for fairness, because we are not here to charge extortionate amounts for access to a doctor.

What does “treatable online” actually mean?

It means the diagnosis can usually be made from your history and photographs, and that treatment can be arranged safely without examining you. Where a condition is not marked treatable online, it is because examination is the diagnosis — listening to a chest, feeling an abdomen, examining an ear or a joint — or because a procedure or device is needed.

Can you prescribe antibiotics?

Yes, where there is a genuine bacterial infection — cellulitis, impetigo, bacterial urine infections, confirmed strep throat. We will also frequently tell you that you do not need one. Most sore throats, coughs, colds and earaches are viral, and an antibiotic gives you the side effects with none of the benefit.

What if the GP cannot help with what I need?

If your problem turns out to be genuinely outside what we can do remotely, the doctor will tell you straight away, point you to the right service, and refund your fee in full. We would rather do that than fill twenty minutes to justify the charge.

What should I do in an emergency?

Call 999 or go to A&E — do not book an online appointment and do not wait for a reply to an email. For urgent problems that are not emergencies, NHS 111 is available 24 hours a day, online or by phone, and can direct you to the right service.

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