How much radiation is in an X-ray?
Very little. A chest X-ray is roughly equivalent to a few days of ordinary background radiation — far less than a CT scan.
It is not a reason to avoid a clinically indicated X-ray.
I think I have broken something. Should I book this?
No — go to A&E or an urgent treatment centre today.
They are free, they X-ray immediately, and they treat what they find in the same visit. A displaced fracture needs setting promptly, and a private referral only adds delay.
My X-ray was normal but it still hurts. What now?
Common, and it does not mean nothing is wrong.
Ligaments, tendons and cartilage are invisible on X-ray, and injuries to them are frequent causes of persistent pain with a normal film.
Some fractures also do not show at first — scaphoid fractures in the wrist and stress fractures can take two weeks to appear, and are re-imaged for exactly that reason.
My report says degenerative change. Is that serious?
Usually it describes a joint that has aged, and it appears on most films past middle age.
The link between what the X-ray shows and how much pain you have is weak — marked changes with no symptoms are common, and so is the reverse.
They said I am bone on bone. Does that mean surgery?
Not on its own. That phrase describes an image, not a treatment plan.
Joint replacement is decided on symptoms and function — how much pain you are in and what you can no longer do — not on the appearance of a film.
And exercise remains the most effective treatment for osteoarthritis, however the joint looks. Being told you are bone on bone tends to make people move less, which makes the pain worse.
Can I have an X-ray if I might be pregnant?
Tell the unit before the scan. The dose is low, but they will shield, delay, or use a different test depending on the region.
Can an X-ray rule out lung cancer?
No. A meaningful proportion of lung cancers are not visible on a plain chest film.
Persistent symptoms with a normal chest X-ray still need following up — and a cough lasting more than three weeks should be assessed regardless.
Do I need to prepare?
No preparation for most X-rays. Metal zips, buttons and jewellery in the area are removed, so easy clothing helps.
Why do I need a consultation first?
Mostly to establish whether an X-ray will answer your question at all — for a lot of pain, it will not, and MRI or ultrasound is the right test.
Providers also require a referral setting out the clinical question.